Variable Valve Timing Solenoids

What Does a Variable Valve Timing Solenoid Do?

A variable valve timing solenoid is an electronically controlled oil valve that routes engine oil pressure to the cam phaser. Your engine control module (ECM) signals the solenoid, which opens and closes oil passages to rotate the phaser. That shifts camshaft timing relative to the crankshaft, so valve timing can track rpm and load.

Moving cam timing changes when the valves open and close, which affects overlap, idle quality, and power. For the background, start with these camshaft fundamentals, then read how camshaft overlap affects idle, vacuum, and power. The same principles explain why a stuck solenoid can make a healthy engine idle rough or feel flat.

You'll also see these parts called VVT solenoids, oil control valves, cam phaser solenoids, or camshaft position actuator solenoids. The names change by manufacturer, but they all do the same job.

What Are the Symptoms of a Bad Variable Timing Solenoid?

The most common sign of a bad variable timing solenoid is a check engine light with a stored cam-timing code. You may also notice a rough idle, reduced power, a ticking noise, or worse fuel economy. These symptoms show up because the phaser can't hold the cam timing the ECM is asking for.

Solenoids usually fail in one of three ways. Dirty or sludgy oil can clog the solenoid's screen, and electrical faults can interrupt the ECM's signal. Normal wear can also cause the valve to stick.

Before you replace the solenoid, rule out the parts that report timing to the ECM. The ECM reads cam and crank position through the camshaft and crankshaft position sensors, so a faulty sensor can point you toward the wrong part. Checking the wiring, connector, and oil level first can save you a second repair.

Which Variable Valve Timing Parts Are in This Category?

This category covers the three main parts of a VVT system, with OE-style replacements for a wide range of import and domestic engines. Here's what you'll find:

• VVT solenoids and oil control valves that route oil pressure to the phaser
• Cam phasers and camshaft actuators, including sprocket-style actuators
• VVT gaskets, such as camshaft servo gaskets, that seal the solenoid or actuator

Solenoid options include Gates VVT solenoids, Melling stock-replacement timing solenoids, and Dorman Products VVT solenoids and oil control valves. Melling also offers camshaft sprocket actuators, and ACDelco offers camshaft actuator assemblies and position actuator valves.

You'll also find the Ford Performance M-6297-M50A variable cam timing solenoid and Enginetech VVT components for 2006-2017 2.0L, 2.2L, and 2.4L engines. To seal the job, add a Fel-Pro camshaft servo gasket whenever you remove the solenoid or actuator.

How Do You Find the Right Variable Valve Timing Solenoid for Your Vehicle?

Start with your year, make, model, and engine, because most parts here are OE-style replacements built for specific applications. Use the vehicle selector at the top of the page to narrow this category to parts that fit your vehicle.

Next, confirm the details in each product listing. Many engines use more than one solenoid, so check whether you need the intake or exhaust cam, or the left or right side. Compare the terminal count and overall length too. Some Gates solenoids, for example, are listed as 2-terminal units at 108 mm or 123 mm.

Read the fitment notes before you order, since one engine family can use different solenoids across model years. If you're tackling a bigger repair while the engine is apart, browse all engines and components to round out your parts list in one order.

What Related Timing and Engine Parts Should You Check?

If you're already into the timing system, inspect the parts that work alongside the solenoid. A worn chain or a weak oil pump can cause cam-timing symptoms that look like a solenoid problem. Replacing worn parts during the same job can save you from opening up the timing system twice. These related parts are worth a look during a VVT repair:

• Timing chains and gears, including camshaft gears and sprockets
• Timing kits that bundle chain, gears, and related hardware
• Oil pumps and pickups that supply the pressure your phasers need
• Timing cover gaskets that reseal the front of the engine

Planning a cam swap on a VVT engine? Compare camshafts and learn how to read camshaft specs so your cam choice works with your timing parts. When you're ready, shop all timing components now.